Combination-tool.



W. RITSOHARD.

COMBINATION TOOL.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 7, 1910.

Patented Aug. 13, 1912.

0-. WASHING WILLIAM RITSCI-IARD, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

COMBINATION-TOOL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 13, 1912.

Application filed July 7, 1910. Serial No. 570,844.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM RITSCHARD, a citizen of the United States,residing at Detroit, county of WVayne, State of Michigan, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Combination-Tools, of which thefollowing is a specification.

The object of the present invention is to provide a novel combinationtool-stand, in which the associated tools and measuring devices arearranged so that they may be readily utilized in performing theirseveral individual and cooperative functions.

The device is adapted for use on the usual surface plate employed bymachinists and other workmen and is provided with parts for performingthe functions of a square,

protractor, bevel gage, surface gage, scale gage, level, etc.

The invention includes the general arrangement of the various parts,their relative arrangement, and certain features individual to the partsthemselves.

The specific nature of the invention and its several advantages will bebest understood upon reference to the following de tailed descriptiontaken in connection with the accompanying drawing, and the scope of theinvention will be particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawing, Figure l is a side elevation of the tool-stand andassociated tools, except protractor plates; Fig. 2 is an end elevationof the same; Fig. 3 is an elevation of the side opposite to that of Fig.1; Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 3, illustrating the said protractorplates and the means of attaching them to the stand; Figs. 5, 6, 7, 8,9, 10 and 11 are details of various parts.

Throughout these views, like characters refer to like parts.

Referring to the drawing in detail, 10 designates the body of thetool-stand, which has a relatively large flat under surface 11, which isadapted to rest upon the surface plate or other smooth flat surfaceemployed by the mechanic who will use the device. The upper portion ofthe body 10 is rovided with a spirit level 12, while the end illustratedin Fig. 2 is provided wit-h a longitudinally movable scale 13 extendingat right angles to the flat bearing surface 11, and a protractor plate14 similarly positioned, but capable of being adjusted in aforward andbackward motion a few degrees to the right and several to the left ofits right-angled position for the purpose of providing draft when thedevice is used in the making of patterns. A gage rod 15 extends througha bore in the upper portion of the body 10 in a direction substantiallyparallel to the bearing surface 11, and at its free end is adapted toextend beyond the scale 13 and protractor plate 14 with reference towhich it may be adjusted for various uses, such as that of a depth gage.The gage rod 15 is also provided with an index block 16, which block maybe adjusted by means of a slow motion screw 17 Fig. 9 to provideaccurate distances bet-ween it and the shoulder 18 on the head of therod 15 for the use of setting inside calipers. A scriber 19 is adaptedto be secured to either side of the body 10 by a holder 20, whoseadjusting screw 21 provides a ready adjustment for the free end of thescriber to give different heights from the bearing surface so that thesame dimension or dimensions may be laid off at different points on thesame or different pieces of work. A scratch gage 22 is located adjacentto the longitudinal edge 23 of the body 10 and is adapted to be set invarious transverse positions by the thumb screw 24. lVhen thus set, thedevice may be drawn along with the edge 23 pressing against the edge ofthe work to be marked, and the sharp corners of the gage 22 utilized inmarking the same. On the same side'of the body 10 as theadjustable'plate 14, but on the opposite end of the body from it, thebody is provided with an arm 25, which is separated from the body properby a slit 26, Fig. 2 into which a projection 27 Fig. 4 on the protractor28 is adapted to be inserted to attach the latter to the body 10. Aclamp- 5 ing screw 29, passing through the arm 25 and into the body 10,clamps the protractor in position. Other protractor plates 31, 32 and 33Fig. 11 are mounted with the plate 28 upon a common pivot 34 Fig. 4.This pivot is used solely to connect these plates together, asexplained, and has no connection with the stand itself. A clamping screw35 is adapted to pass through concentric slots 36, 37 3S and 39 in saidplates to clamp them relatively to each other. A slide bar 40, havingaslot 41, which may be passed over the pivot 34, may be variouslypositioned upon the protractor plates and clamped by means of clampingscrew 42 and an associated nut. v

The spirit level 12 comprises the usual glass tube 43, filled withalcohol or other spirit. In order to set this tube, the body 10 isprovided with a horizontal bore near its upper edge; the tube 43 ispositioned in this bore and held there by means of a screw 4.4 whichpasses into the tapped end of the bore. Some suitable cementitioussubstance, such as plaster of Paris, is also used in the bore to hold.the tube in its proper level position. A plate 45 also may be secured tothe top of the body 10 by means of screws 46; but it will be understoodthat this latter plate may be omitted if desired. It will, of course, beapparent that when the flat under surface 11 of the device is resting ona level surface, the air bulb in the tube will then lie in the center ofthe depressed portion of the plate 45, or of the depression in theadjacent portion of the body 10, in case such plate is not employed.

The scale 13 is positioned in a kerf cut in the end of the body portion10 and is provided with a short groove 47, into which the end of a setscrew 48 enters Fig. 8. This screw is threaded through the adjacentportion of the body 10 and may be screwed into firm engagement with thescale 13 so as to hold it against movement. When the screw pressure isslightly relieved, the scale 13 may be adjusted longitudinally. Thisscale is always maintained with its free edge at right angles to theplane of the under surface 11 of the device. It will be obvious that itforms, with this under surface, a square, and consequently it may beused to perform the usual offices of a square. This isparticularlyuseful to pattern makers. The adjustable graduatedprotractor plate 14 is pivoted at 49 to one side of the stand and adjacent to its under bearing face 11. Itisprovided with a slot 50 and aset screw 51 by which its free edge may be given an adjustment of a fewdegrees (say, six or eight) to the right of its vertical position, andseveral degrees (say, sixty or seventy) to the left of that position.The index point 52-or other graduation marks-on the body 10 are arrangedwith reference to the graduations 52" upon the protractor plate 14, sothat when the zero position of the former registers with a definiteposition (say, the twenty degree position) of the latter, the free edge53 of the plate 14 will be exactly perpendicular to the plane of theunder surface 11 and consequently parallel to the free edge of the scale13. It will also be noted that the free edge 53 of the plate 14,, whenin its vertical. position, extends a short distance (say.threesixteenths of an inch) beyond the end of the body 10. Inconsequence of this, when the scale 13 is removed, the edge 53 of theplate is free to be used for the drawing of lines upon the work uponwhich it is being used through a short range of adjustment from verticalin one direction and a considerable range in the opposite direction. Inother words, with the scale 18 removed, the end of the body 10 does notinterfere with the drawing of lines along the edge 58 for slightadjustments of the plate 14 to the right (see Fig. 3) or forconsiderable adjustments to the left. This plate is particularly adaptedto the use of pattern makers in providing draft for patterns; that is tosay, in providing the substantially vertical faces of patterns withslight inclination so that they may be readily withdrawn from. themolding sand when used. )Vhen used, it is only necessary to give thefree edge 53 a slight adjustment either way from.

its vertical position. On the other hand, its plate may be given a widerange of adj ustment in one direction from its vertical posi tion whenit is to be employed as an rdi nary protractor.

The gage rod 15 has a flattened side upon which any desired scale may belaid off, and this flattened surface bears against one side of theadjustable plate 14 so that the scale may be readily read from the endof the rodup to the free edge of the plate 14. This end of the rod maythus be used in cooperation with the plate 14 in various ways. Thus itmay be used as an ordinary depth gage by passing the end of the rod intothe opening whose depth is to be measured, or again, it may be used tomeasure horizontal distances upon curved surfaces. For example, if it bedesired to accurately locate the position of a key seat upon a shaft,this may be done by setting the free end of the rod 15 so as to leave itextending beyond the plate 14 a distance equal to one-half the diameterof the shaft. Then, upon placing the edge of the shaft against the plate14 and the rod 15-maintained in its adjusted positionthe exact positionof the center of the key seatwill be determined by the end of the rod15. As previously pointed out, the opposite end of the rod may have itscollar 18 set by hand an approximate distance from the index block 16,and the latter may be adjusted by the screw 17 so as to set the distancebetween the block and the collar exactly. The block 16 is secured to thelower end of a leaf spring 54, whose upper end is secured by a screw 55to the adjacent portion of the body 10. The index block 16 is providedwith a tail piece 56, which extends along the flat face of the gage rod15 a short distance into the bore formed in the body 10. At its innerend, the tail piece 56 is engaged by the adjusting screw 17, which isthreaded through an adjacent portion of the body 10. By means of thisscrew 17, the tail piece 56 and the connected index block 16 may bereadily and accurately adjusted with reference to the scale upon thegage rod 15. As before stated, this feature of the invention isparticularly applicable to the setting of inside calipers. It will alsobe observed that the movement of the rod 15 may be limited by a collar57 having a clamping screw 58. This collar surrounds the rod and may beclamped in any given position upon it by means of the screw 58. Byreason of this, the extent to which the rod 15 may be moved to the rightor the left may be definitely fixed, by reason of the collar engagingthe adjacent portion of the device. This may be useful in certain kindsof work where it is desired to constantly refer back to a givendimension. It will be understood also that the collar 57 may be removedfrom the rod 15 and the rod then withdrawn from the stand. In such case,the rod 15 may be used alone with the collar 57 as a depth gage. Inaddition to these various means of adjustment, the rod 15 is alsoprovided with a set screw 58, which passes through a threaded opening inthe body 10 and bears against the rod 15. When it is screwed down, therod 15 is clamped against movement.

As illustrated in the drawing, the holder 20 for the scriber 19 ispositioned on the opposite side of the stand from the adjustableprotractor plate 14 and the adjusting screw 17 of the gage rod 15. Thisholder is made up of four parts,the clamping member 59 illustrated inFig. 6, the clamping member 60 illustrated in Fig. 7, the screw 61passing through these two clamping members into threaded engagement withthe body 10, and the adjusting screw 21 passing through the threadedengagement of the lug 62 on the member 59. The scriber 19 lies in themating grooves 63, 64, formed respectively in the member 60 and in aprojection 65 on the member 59. The upper end of the member 60 isadapted to lie between project-ions 66 on the member 59 when the partsare in operative position.

From the illustration in Fig. 1, it will be at once apparent that thescriber 19 may have its free end roughly adjusted by positioning theholder 20 and then screwing down the screw 61, and that it may have itsfree end more accurately adjusted by means of the screw 21. The holder20 for the scriber 19 may be positioned on either side of the stand andthe hole 61 on the boss 62 Fig. 3 is provided for this purpose, thescrew 61 being screwed into it when the scriber is placed on this sideof the stand. It will be apparent that in the use of the scriber, itsfree end may be readily adjusted to give different heights from thebearing surface 11, so that the same dimension or dimensions may be laidoff at different points on the same or different pieces of work. Thereit is desired merely to lay 0E vertical distances against the edge orside of a piece of work, the scriber is positioned so that its straightend is the free end and the end adjustable by the screw 21. When thescriber is to reach out over work and touch upon different flatsurfaces, then it is positioned so that its curved end is free andcapable of adjustment by the screw 21. In this latter use, it will beseen that with the point of the curved end of the scriber set for agiven dimension, difierent horizontal surfaces on the same or differentpieces of work may be accurately positioned with reference to thesurface plate upon which the bearing surface 11 of the tool rests.

As before pointed out, a slot or a kerf 26 extends upward from the underface of the stand so as to form a clamping arm 25 between which and themain portion of the stand the projection 27 on the protractor plate 28may be clamped. It will be apparent that when the tool stand is set upona surface plate and the lower edge of the plate 28 is brought to bearagainst the surface plate and the clamping screw 29 is then screweddown, the lower edge of the plate 28 will be coincident with the surfaceof the under face 11. Consequently, angles measured off by means of theprotractor will accurately measure angular distances from this plane.Although in the drawing I have illustrated the four protractor plates28, 31, 32, 33, all mounted upon the same pivot, is it not necessarythat all these plates be used at the same time. Pivot 3 1 is made fastto the plate 28, and the other plates may be slipped on and off of thispivot. For ordinary protractor measurements, I preferably employ plates28 and 33, omitting plates 31 and 32. In such event, the zero point onthe scale of the plate 33 may be set at any desired scale marking uponthe plate 28 and the edge 67 of the plate 33 used as the marking edge.Again, in other instances, the slide bar 40 may be positioned on theprotractor plates, as illustrated in Fig. 4:, and the edge 68, which isin line with the pivot 34;, used to lay off the desired angle. The plate31 may be substituted for the plate 33 whenever the character of thework is such that the marking edge 67 of the plate 33 is too long. Ifind that in practice, these two plates, when their marking edges aregiven lengths of approximately one and a half and one and an eighthinches respectively, they will care for the ordinary work which aworkman is likely to encounter, although of course, if desired, plateshaving edges of greater or less length might be employed.

The plate 32 may be used with the plate 28 in much the same way as theplate 14 is used upon the stand 10,that is, for providing draft onpatterns. It will be noted that the free edge 69 of the plate 32, whenset at right angles to the lower edge of the plate 28, extends a shortdistance (say,threesixteenths ofan inch) beyond the adjacent paralleledge of the plate 28. In this way,

when the plate 32 is adjusted so as to set the edge 69 a few degreeseither side of the vertical, it leaves a free edge for the drawing of aline upon the work without interference from the adjacent edge of theplate 28. It will be observed that when either two or more of theprotractor plates are employed, they are secured together by theadjusting screw 35. As illustrated in Fig. 10, the nut 28 of this screwhas an upturned lug which is adapted to pass into the slot of theadjacent plate, such as the slot 36 of the plate 28, and thus beprevented from turning. I also provide a clamping plate 80 which issimilar in shape to th plate 60, illustrated in Fig. 7. This plate, likeplate (30, has a heel at one end which is adapted to bear against thebody 10, while its free end is adapted to extend out over the edge ofthe protractor plates 28, 32 and' 33. A thumb screw 81, Fig. l, threadedinto a threaded opening 82 Fig. 3 in the boss (52 serves to press thefree end of the plate 80 against the adjacent protractor plates andthereby holds them more securely in position. I employ this clampingplate and screw whenever it is desired to hold the various protractorplates in one position for a considerable length of time.

In addition to the above, I also employ a templet 70 Fig. 5 inassociation with the slide bar 40, or with any of the right line edgesof the different instrumentalities herein described, such as the edge 67of the plate 33 of the protractor. This templet is provided withintersecting slots 71, 72, by which it may be adjustably secured to theseveral instrumentalities. As clearly illustrated in Fig. 5, anadjusting screw 7i passes through the slot 72 in the templet and theslot 41 in the slide bar 40 into engagement with a suitable nut, and thetemplot and the bar are clamped in desired positions. This templet is ofvalue in fillet work and in other instances where it is desired tochange from a flat to a curved surface, such as in lathe turning. Asillustrated in Fig. 5, the bar 40 and the templet T0 are positioned soas to provide an easy curve between the straight edge of the bar and thesharper curve Tel of the templet. lVithout further explanation, it isbelieved it will be apparent that the same templet may be variouslypositioned upon the slide bar, the plate 33 and other parts, to bringabout the desired settings.

From the above description, it will be clearly understood that I haveprovided a tool stand with associated tools and elements which arecapable of a wide variety of use, both individually and cooperatively.It will also be apparent that certain features of the invention arecapable of use in other connections than those disclosed. I therefore donot wish to be limited to the specific disclosed uses, but aim to cover,by the terms of the appended claims, all the varied adaptations andapplications of the invention.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the UnitedStates 1. The combination with a tool-stand having a relatively largefiat under surface and a clamp on one side of said stand, of relativelymovable pivoted protractor plates mounted side by side, one of saidplates having a projection adapted to enter said clamp and be clamped tosaid stand with an edge in line with said under surface.

2. The combination with a tool-stand having a relatively large flatunder surface and a clamp on one side of said stand, of relativelymovable pivoted protractor plates, one of said plates having aprojection adapted to enter said clamp and be clamped to said stand withone edge in line with said under surface and its other edge at rightangles thereto, and means for setting the other plate with one of itsedges parallel to the latter edge of the first plate, said second platethen extending a definite distance beyond said latter edge of the firstplate.

3. The combination with a tool-stand having a relatively large flatunder surface, of a protractor plate secured to said stand andadjustable so as to bring its free edge exactly at right angles to saidunder surface or to a few degrees on either side thereof, means forholding said plate in its several adjusted positions, and a gage rodlocated near the top of said stand and extending substantially parallelto said under surface and adjustable relative to said free edge.

4. The combination with a tool-standhaving a relatively large flat undersurface, of a protractor plate secured to said stand and adjustable soas to bring its free edge exactly at right angles to said under surface,means for holding said plate in its adjusted position, a longitudinallymovable scale al ways at right angles to said under surface, and a gagerod located near the top of said stand and extending at right angles tosaid scale and between said scale and plate and adjustable relative tosaid scale and plate.

5. The combination with a tool-stand having a relatively large flatunder surface and a clamp on one side of said stand, of two protractorplates mounted on a common pivot and having concentric circular slots,one of said plates having a projection for insertion into said clamp, aclamping screw and nut for holding said plates, when set, relatively toeach other, a slide bar having a slot into which said pivot passes, anda clamping screw and nut for clamping said bar and one of said platesthrough the agency of their respective slots.

6. The combination with a tool-stand having a relatively large fiatunder surface and a clamp on one side of said stand, of two protractorplates mounted on a common pivot and having concentric circular slots,one of said plates having a projection for insertion into said clamp, aclamping screw and nut for setting said plates relatively to each other,a slide bar having a slot into which said pivot passes, a clamping screwand nut for clamping said bar and one of said plates through the agencyof their respective slots, a templet having variously shaped edges, andmeans for setting said templet on said bar and on said sector platesthrough the agency of their respective slots.

7. The combination of two protractor plates mounted on a common pivotand having concentric circular slots, a clamping screw and nut forsetting said plates relatively to each other, a slide bar having a slotinto which said pivot passes, and a clamping screw and nut for clampingsaid bar and one of said plates through the agency of their respectiveslots.

8. The combination of two protractor plates mounted on a common pivotand having concentric circular slots, a clamping screw and nut forsetting said plates relatively to each other, a slide bar having a slotinto which said pivot passes, a clamping screw and nut for clamping saidbar and one of said plates. through the agency of their respectiveslots, a templet having intersecting slots and variously shaped edges,and means for setting said templet on said bar and on said protractorplates through the agency of their respective slots.

9. The combination with a tool-stand hav ing a relatively large fiatunder surface and a clamp on one side thereof, of relatively movableprotractor plates mounted on a common pivot and concentrically slotted,a clamping screw and nut for setting said plates relatively to eachother, a slotted slide bar engaging said pivot, clamping means forsetting said bar relative to said plates, an adjustable plate secured tosaid stand and having a free edge extending substantially at rightangles to said under surface, a longitudinally movable scale similarlypositioned, a gage rod extending through a bore in said stand andextending outward beyond and between said adjustable plate and scale, anindex block associated with said rod, and slow motion adjusting meansfor said block relative to said rod.

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 2" day of July,1910.

WILLIAM RITSCHARD. Witnesses:

JOHN RI'rscHARD, CHARLES W. KURTH.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, I). C.

